- Cystic Nephroma: A Case Report and Comparing Literature Review with Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor of Kidney.
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Hyun Jung Kim, Choong Hee Noh, Giyoung Kwon, Eunah Shin, Jung Yeon Kim, Kyeongmee Park
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Korean J Pathol. 2011;45:S25-S28.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4132/KoreanJPathol.2011.45.S1.S25
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- Cystic nephroma (CN) is a benign cystic neoplasm composed of mixed epithelial and stromal elements. Less than 200 cases have been reported. We had a patient, a 41-year-old woman, who had a huge typical CN. The patient was admitted for a right renal mass that was found incidentally. On laparaoscopic right nephrectomy, there was an encapsulated 7 cm multilocular cystic mass at the upper pole.
Microscopically, the cystic wall was lined by a single layer of low cuboidal or hobnail epithelium without a solid area.
The thin septa were composed of bland, ovarian type spindle cells. The main differential diagnoses were mixed epithelial and stromal tumor (MEST), low grade multilocular renal cell carcinoma, and tubulocystic carcinoma. The results of immunohistochemical staining were cytokeratin 7/19(+/+) and CD10(-) in lining epithelium, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor(+/+) in stromal cells. After surgery, she was free of recurrence for 10 months. We report this rare case and compare it with other cystic renal tumors, especially MEST.
- Ki-1 Positive Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma, Nasal Type, Mistaken as Dermatomyositis: A Case Report and Literature Review.
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Hyun Jung Kim, Eunah Shin, Jung Yeon Kim, Kyeongmee Park, Young Jin Yoo, Seung Sook Lee
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Korean J Pathol. 2007;41(4):278-283.
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- We report a case of a 38-year-old male with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, showing unusual clinical and pathological features. The patient was admitted for soft tissue swelling and tenderness in both legs. The patient had been treated intermittently 8 months prior for repeated muco-cutaneous ulcers. A muscle biopsy showed medium-sized atypical lymphoid cells with bizarre nuclei and plump cytoplasm, infiltrating to the skeletal muscle fibers with angiocentricity. The immunoresults were Ki-1+, CD56+, cytoplasmic CD3+, with EBV-in situ hybridization +. The patient rapidly deteriorated and died of sepsis and respiratory failure shortly after initiation of low-dose chemotherapy. A careful review of previous biopsies revealed scarce atypical lymphoid cells around vessels with similar immunoprofiles without the presence of Ki-1 positive cells.
This case emphasizes that an extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma may have a dermatomyositis-like diffuse presentation. Ki-1 co-expression can be an unexpected event in a process of the disease course; however, this should be validated with future studies.
- Expressions of CD44s Is Associated with the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers.
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Sung Jig Lim, Hyun Jung Kim, Jung Yeon Kim, Kyeongmee Park
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Korean J Pathol. 2006;40(1):17-23.
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- BACKGROUND
The overexpression of Cox-2 in tumors is important for tumor invasion, angiogenesis, resistance to apoptosis and the suppression of host immunity. Moreover, a tumor's CD44 expression plays an important role in tumor invasion and metastasis. We examined the expression of COX-2 and also CD44 and its variants as well as the biological implications and relationship between Cox-2 and the CD44 variants in non-small cell lung carcinoma.
METHODS
The expressions of Cox-2 and also CD44s and its variants (CD44v3 and CD44v6) were examined by performing immunohistochemistry on 98 surgical specimens.
RESULTS
The expressions of CD44s, CD44v3 and CD44v6 were significantly more frequent in squamous cell carcinoma specimens than in the adenocarcinoma (CD44s, p=0.033; CD44v3, p=0.007; CD44v6, p=0.022). The loss of CD44s and CD44v3 were significantly correlated with poor tumor differentiation (CD44s, p=0.03; CD44v3, p=0.011). Patients with Cox-2 positive-adenocarcinoma tumors had a significantly worse cumulative survival than did those adenocarcinoma patients without the Cox-2 (p=0.048). The expression of Cox-2 was significantly associated with the CD44s expression in non-small cell lung cancer, and especially in squamous cell carcinoma.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that expression of CD44s is associated with the expression of Cox-2 in NSCLC, and especially squamous cell carcinoma.
- Expression of p63 in Lung Cancer.
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Sungjig Lim, Jung Yeon Kim, Kyeougmee Park
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Korean J Pathol. 2003;37(2):100-107.
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- BACKGROUND
The DNA-binding protein p63, a member of the p53 family, regulates differentiation and proliferation of epithelial progenitor cells. In this study, we evaluated the expression of p63 in lung cancer to gain insight into the pathogenesis of these processes.
METHODS
A total of 89 patients who had undergone potentially curative surgery for lung cancer were selected.
Expressions of p53, p63, and deltaNp63 were analyzed immunohistologically using a tissue array method with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens.
Immunohistological results were then correlated with clinicopathological parameters with prognostic implications.
RESULTS
Expressions of p63 and deltaNp63 were found in 47 (52.8%) and 38 (43.2%) of the 89 patients, respectively. No relationships between the p63 or deltaNp63 expressions and any clinicopathological variables were found. p63 was expressed in 92.5% (37/40) of the squamous cell carcinomas, 17.9% (7/39) of the adenocarcinomas, 20% (1/5) of the small cell carcinomas, and 0% (0/5) of the large cell carcinomas.
deltaNp63 was expressed in 92.3% (36/39) of the squamous cell carcinomas, 2.5% (1/39) of the adenocarcinomas, 0% (0/5) of the small cell carcinomas, 0% (0/5) of the large cell carcinomas, and 50% (1/2) of the adenosquamous cell carcinomas. In the squamous cell carcinomas, significantly high expressions of p63 and deltaNp63 were found (p<0.05). p53 protein was detected in samples from 49 of the 89 patients (55.1%). No significant associations between the p53 expressions and the p63 or deltaNp63 expressions were noted.
CONCLUSION
p63 or deltaNp63 is likely to be involved in the development of squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and no significant association was found between p63 or deltaNp63 and patient survival rates.
- Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma of Parotid Gland: A Case Report.
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Sung Jig Lim, Jung Yeon Kim, Kyeong Mee Park
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Korean J Cytopathol. 2002;13(2):74-77.
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- Lymphoepithelial carcinoma, also known as malignant lymphoepithelial lesion or lymphoepithelioma, is a rare tumor in salivary glands. Lymphoepithelial carcinoma has a characteristic histological findings comprising irregularly-shaped nests of malignant epithelial cells within a lymphocyte-rich stroma, occasionally forming lymphoid follicles. We recently experienced a case of fine needle aspiration cytology(FNAC) of lymphoepithelial carcinoma of parotid gland in a 61-year-old male. The FNAC yielded a hypercellular smear of many irregular clusters of malignant epithelial cells in the background of lymphoid stroma.
- Preferential Expression of CD44 in Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma.
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jung Yeon Kim, Jinye Yoo, Hyejae Cho
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Korean J Pathol. 2001;35(4):314-318.
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- BACKGROUND
Papillary carcinoma is one of the most common malignant thyroid tumors and an important prognostic factor is the lymph node status. CD44 is a cell adhesion molecule and is associated with metastasis. The purpose of this study was to discover whether CD44 is valuable in the diagnosis of the papillary carcinoma, and whether Ki-67 and p53 are correlated with CD44 in the papillary carcinoma.
METHODS
We studied CD44, Ki-67 and p53 expressions in 34 cases of formalin-fixed paraffin embedded papillary thyroid carcinomas, and 20 cases of the follicular neoplasm using mouse anti-CD44 (H-CAM), Ki-67 and p53 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Most of the papillary carcinomas expressed diffuse and intense membrane staining of CD44 (32/34 cases, 94.1%). Focal scattered immunoreactivity was observed in the follicular neoplasm (8/20 cases, 40.0%). The staining patterns of CD44 were similar in both follicular adenoma and carcinoma. Both groups with or without lymph node metastasis showed similar expression patterns for CD44.
There were no differences in Ki-67 and p53 staining between papillary carcinomas and follicular neoplasms.
CONCLUSIONS
The result shows that papillary carcinomas preferentially display the CD44 antigen, and it is a useful diagnostic tool in the equivocal cases. There is no correlation among CD44, Ki-67 and p53 expressions in the papillary carcinoma.
- Myxoma of the Breast: A case report.
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Jung Yeon Kim, Hye Jae Cho, Se Hwan Han
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Korean J Pathol. 2000;34(6):471-474.
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- A case of myxoma of the breast was reported. A 25-year-old woman showed a lump in the left breast which was suddenly enlarged after the delivery of a baby. A tumor measuring 73.53cm was located in the upper outer quadrant of the breast.
Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed scattered benign spindle shaped mesenchymal cells with abundant myxoid material. On excision, the tumor was partly solid, partly cystic and multilocular. Each nodule consisted of an abundant mucoid material with a few spindle or stellate mesenchymal cells. Pleomorphism and mitosis were absent. The mesenchymal cells showed immunoreactivities for S-100 protein, smooth muscle actin, and CD34. The myxoid stroma was positively stained with alcian blue and mucicarmine.
These findings suggest that constituent cells derive from totipotential primitive mesenchymal cells.
- Type IV Collagen mRNA Expression in Human Membranous Nephropathy.
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Tae Sook Kim, Jung Yeon Kim, Hye Kyoung Hong, Hyun Soon Lee
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Korean J Pathol. 1999;33(11):1047-1054.
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- Human membranous nephropathy (MN) is morphologically characterized by subepithelial immune complex deposits and progressive thickening of glomerular basement membranes (GBM). Studies have suggested that the enhanced secretion of classical and novel type IV collagen chains in MN contributes to spike formation and the novel type IV collagen chain is particularly related to thickening of GBM. It is unclear whether the increased accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in GBM is due to the increased mRNA expression for type IV collagen in glomerular visceral epithelial cells (GECs).
To answer this question, we analyzed seven renal biopsies of patients with idiopathic MN using in situ hybridization. In MN, the number of GECs expressing mRNA for alpha1(IV) collagen was 2.82+/-1.80/glomerular cross section (gcs), and the number expressing mRNA for alpha4(IV) collagen was 8.42+/-2.85/gcs. The number of GECs expressing mRNA for alpha4(IV) collagen was significantly larger than that of alpha1(IV) collagen mRNA.
The expression of mRNA for these ECM proteins in normal controls was negligible. These results suggest that subepithelial immune complexes stimulate the gene expression of alpha1(IV) collagen and alpha4(IV) collagen in glomerular GECs which, in turn, increase the secretion of ECM proteins and contribute to the thickening of GBM in MN.
- Cytologic Analysis of Adenocarcinoma of the Cervicovaginal Smears .
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Jung Yeon Kim, Hye Jae Cho, Kyung Ja Cho, Hong Kyoon Lee
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1998;9(2):147-154.
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- We have investigated the cervicovaginal smears in order to define the cytologic features of uterine adenocarcinomas. Total 22 cases were reviewed(12 cases from the Sanggye Paik hospital, Inje university and 10 cases from the Korea Cancer Center Hospital) from January 1992 to December 1997. Five cases were endometrial adenocarcinomas and the remaining 17 cases were cervical adenocarcinomas. Se venteen cases of cervical adenocarcinomas were divided into endometrioid(6 cases), endocervical(7 cases), mixed endometrioid and endocervical(1 case), papillary (2 cases), and adenosquamous(1 case) carcinomas. The background of endocervical adenocarcinoma was hemorrhagic or inflammatory. The tumor diathesis was less prominent than that of the squamous cell carcinoma. The prominent features of the endocervical type adenocarcinomas were large and loose clusters, large intra cytoplasmic vacuoles, and prominent overlapping and peripheral palisading of nuclei.
In contrast, the endometrioid adenocarcinomas showed small and compact clusters, and small intracytoplasmic vacuoles. The detection rate of endometrial adeno carcinoma was lower than that of the endocervical adenocarcinoma.
- c-erbB-2 Oncoprotein Expression in Ductal Carcinoma in situ and Paget's Disease of the Breast.
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Jung Yeon Kim, Kyung Ja Cho, Seung Sook Lee, Shin Kwang Khang, Nam Sun Paik
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Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(11):972-980.
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- A clinico-pathologic study with an immunohistochemical examination for c-erbB-2 expression in 54 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ and 16 cases of Paget's disease of the breast was performed. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein overexpression was observed in 45% (24/54) and 88% (14/16) of ductal carcinoma in situ and Paget's disease, respectively. The overexpression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein was significantly correlated with the nuclear grade of tumors and inversely with the status of the estrogen receptor. c-erbB-2 was positive in 4 out of 5 patients with metastasis to axillary lymph nodes and 3 out of 4 patients who died of the disease.
Prognostic significance of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in ductal carcinoma in situ was highly suggested. The expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in Paget's disease was well correlated with coexisting infiltrating or in situ ductal carcinoma.
The high positive rate of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in ductal carcinoma with Paget's disease could be understood with a recent hypothesis that c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is involved in promotion of cell motility and the spread of carcinoma cells.
- Comparison of Glomerular Size between Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis and Minimal Lesion in Children.
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Jung Yeon Kim, Hyun Soon Lee
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Korean J Pathol. 1996;30(10):903-911.
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- The pathogenetic mechanism of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is not known. Some authors suggest glomerular hypertrophy may precede the development of FSGS in patients with minimal lesion. It was recently reported that the size of nonsclerotic glomeruli in adults with FSGS is significantly larger than that of cases with minimal lesion. It is not clear whether glomerular hypertrophy observed in adults with FSGS is also seen in children with FSGS. Thus, we have analyzed 37 renal biopsies from children with FSGS by morphometry and the data were compared with 37 renal biopsies from age- and sex-matched patients with minimal lesion. The number of glomeruli submitted for morphometric analysis was 22.6+/-14.2 in cases with FSGS and 30.9+/-11.4 in cases with minimal lesion. Mean glomerular volume (MGV) in FSGS group was significantly larger than that of minimal lesion [(13.1+/-3.9) x10(5) microm3 vs.
(10.1+/-1.9) x10(5) microm3, p<0.001]. The relative interstitial volume of renal cortex in patients with FSGS was significantly larger than that of minimal lesion [(0.106+/-0.051) microm3/microm3 vs. (0.029+/-0.012) microm3/microm3, p<0.0001]. In FSGS, the percentage of glomeruli with FSGS was significantly correlated with relative interstitial volume of renal cortex (r=0.79, p<0.0001). As is the case for adult FSGS, MGV of children with FSGS is significantly larger than that of minimal lesion. Thus, the presence of glomerular hypertrophy observed in biopsies with minimal lesion nephropathy seems to be an indication that the coexistent FSGS lesions are undetected due to sampling problems.
- Role of Cytologic Scoring System in Minimizing "Gray Zone" in Breast Aspiration Cytology.
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Jung Yeon Kim, Kyung Ja Cho, Seung Sook Lee, Shin Kwang Khang
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Korean J Cytopathol. 1996;7(1):12-22.
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- Fine needle aspiration(FNA) has been quite successful in identifying benign and malignant breast lesions, but a "gray zone" exists. A total of 697 FNAs of breast were performed at Korea Cancer Center Hospital for a period of one year.
One hundred and eleven of the 697 FNAs were diagnosed as atypical or suspicious for malignancy. Among them, we reviewed 74 FNAs, in which histologic diagnoses were made, and applied cytologic grading system proposed by masood et al.(1990) to evaluate the usefulness of this system in minimizing the size of gray zone. Technical problem was responsible for equivocal diagnoses in 19 FNAs. Of the remaining 55 FNAs, 18 were benign and 37 were mali. Among benign conditions, fibroadenoma(5 cases) and fibrocystic disease with fibroadenomatous feature(3 cases) constituted the largest groups. The majority of malignant conditions were infiltrating ductal carcinoma(29 cases); however, those low grade carcinomas including tubular carcinoma(3 cases), cribriform carcinoma(2 cases), and mucinous carcinoma(2 cases) occupied a relatively large proportion Cytologic grading system was quite useful in minimizing the size of gray zone. The scores of 27 out of 29 usual infiltrating ductal carcinomas belonged to the group of cytologic malignancy, however, only 2 out of 7 low grade carcinomas got scores of malignancy. FNA from fibroadenoma or fibrocystic disease with fibroadenomatous features showed a tendency toward high scores. Experience of the cytopathologist and famillarity with cytologic alteration in breast disease cannot be overemphalized.
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